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<instructionsection id="MLS" title="MLS -- AArch32" type="instruction">
  <docvars>
    <docvar key="instr-class" value="general" />
    <docvar key="mnemonic" value="MLS" />
  </docvars>
  <heading>MLS</heading>
  <desc>
    <brief>
      <para>Multiply and Subtract</para>
    </brief>
    <authored>
      <para>Multiply and Subtract multiplies two register values, and subtracts the product from a third register value. The least significant 32 bits of the result are written to the destination register. These 32 bits do not depend on whether the source register values are considered to be signed values or unsigned values.</para>
    </authored>
    <encodingnotes>
      <para>For more information about the <arm-defined-word>constrained unpredictable</arm-defined-word> behavior of this instruction, see <xref linkend="CJAEGDJC">Architectural Constraints on UNPREDICTABLE behaviors</xref>.</para>
    </encodingnotes>
  </desc>
  <operationalnotes>
    <para>If CPSR.DIT is 1, this instruction has passed its condition execution check, and does not use R15 as either its source or destination:</para>
    <list type="unordered">
      <listitem><content>The execution time of this instruction is independent of:<list type="unordered"><listitem><content>The values of the data supplied in any of its registers.</content></listitem><listitem><content>The values of the NZCV flags.</content></listitem></list></content></listitem>
      <listitem><content>The response of this instruction to asynchronous exceptions does not vary based on:<list type="unordered"><listitem><content>The values of the data supplied in any of its registers.</content></listitem><listitem><content>The values of the NZCV flags.</content></listitem></list></content></listitem>
    </list>
  </operationalnotes>
  <alias_list howmany="0"></alias_list>
  <classes>
    <classesintro count="2">
      <txt>It has encodings from the following instruction sets:</txt>
      <txt> A32 (</txt>
      <a href="#iclass_a1">A1</a>
      <txt>)</txt>
      <txt> and </txt>
      <txt> T32 (</txt>
      <a href="#iclass_t1">T1</a>
      <txt>)</txt>
      <txt>.</txt>
    </classesintro>
    <iclass name="A1" oneof="2" id="iclass_a1" no_encodings="1" isa="A32">
      <docvars>
        <docvar key="armarmheading" value="A1" />
        <docvar key="instr-class" value="general" />
        <docvar key="isa" value="A32" />
        <docvar key="mnemonic" value="MLS" />
      </docvars>
      <iclassintro count="1"></iclassintro>
      <regdiagram form="32" psname="aarch32/instrs/MLS/A1_A.txt" tworows="1">
        <box hibit="31" width="4" name="cond" usename="1" settings="4" constraint="!= 1111">
          <c colspan="4">!= 1111</c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="27" width="4" settings="4">
          <c>0</c>
          <c>0</c>
          <c>0</c>
          <c>0</c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="23" width="3" name="opc" settings="3">
          <c>0</c>
          <c>1</c>
          <c>1</c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="20" name="S" settings="1">
          <c>0</c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="19" width="4" name="Rd" usename="1">
          <c colspan="4"></c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="15" width="4" name="Ra" usename="1">
          <c colspan="4"></c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="11" width="4" name="Rm" usename="1">
          <c colspan="4"></c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="7" width="4" settings="4">
          <c>1</c>
          <c>0</c>
          <c>0</c>
          <c>1</c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="3" width="4" name="Rn" usename="1">
          <c colspan="4"></c>
        </box>
      </regdiagram>
      <encoding name="MLS_A1" oneofinclass="1" oneof="2" label="A1">
        <docvars>
          <docvar key="armarmheading" value="A1" />
          <docvar key="instr-class" value="general" />
          <docvar key="isa" value="A32" />
          <docvar key="mnemonic" value="MLS" />
        </docvars>
        <asmtemplate><text>MLS</text><text>{</text><a link="sa_c" hover="See {xref{ARMARM_Babbefhf}{Standard assembler syntax fields}}">&lt;c&gt;</a><text>}</text><text>{</text><a link="sa_q" hover="See {xref{ARMARM_Babbefhf}{Standard assembler syntax fields}}">&lt;q&gt;</a><text>}</text><text> </text><a link="sa_rd" hover="General-purpose destination register (field &quot;Rd&quot;)">&lt;Rd&gt;</a><text>, </text><a link="sa_rn" hover="First general-purpose source register holding multiplicand (field &quot;Rn&quot;)">&lt;Rn&gt;</a><text>, </text><a link="sa_rm" hover="Second general-purpose source register holding multiplier (field &quot;Rm&quot;)">&lt;Rm&gt;</a><text>, </text><a link="sa_ra" hover="Third general-purpose source register holding minuend (field &quot;Ra&quot;)">&lt;Ra&gt;</a></asmtemplate>
      </encoding>
      <ps_section howmany="1">
        <ps name="aarch32/instrs/MLS/A1_A.txt" mylink="aarch32.instrs.MLS.A1_A.txt" enclabels="" sections="1" secttype="noheading">
          <pstext mayhavelinks="1" section="Decode" rep_section="decode">d = <a link="impl-shared.UInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer UInt(bits(N) x)">UInt</a>(Rd);  n = <a link="impl-shared.UInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer UInt(bits(N) x)">UInt</a>(Rn);  m = <a link="impl-shared.UInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer UInt(bits(N) x)">UInt</a>(Rm);  a = <a link="impl-shared.UInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer UInt(bits(N) x)">UInt</a>(Ra);
if d == 15 || n == 15 || m == 15 || a == 15 then UNPREDICTABLE;</pstext>
        </ps>
      </ps_section>
    </iclass>
    <iclass name="T1" oneof="2" id="iclass_t1" no_encodings="1" isa="T32">
      <docvars>
        <docvar key="armarmheading" value="T1" />
        <docvar key="instr-class" value="general" />
        <docvar key="isa" value="T32" />
        <docvar key="mnemonic" value="MLS" />
      </docvars>
      <iclassintro count="1"></iclassintro>
      <regdiagram form="16x2" psname="aarch32/instrs/MLS/T1_A.txt">
        <box hibit="31" width="9" settings="9">
          <c>1</c>
          <c>1</c>
          <c>1</c>
          <c>1</c>
          <c>1</c>
          <c>0</c>
          <c>1</c>
          <c>1</c>
          <c>0</c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="22" width="3" name="op1" settings="3">
          <c>0</c>
          <c>0</c>
          <c>0</c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="19" width="4" name="Rn" usename="1">
          <c colspan="4"></c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="15" width="4" name="Ra" usename="1">
          <c colspan="4"></c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="11" width="4" name="Rd" usename="1">
          <c colspan="4"></c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="7" width="2" settings="2">
          <c>0</c>
          <c>0</c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="5" width="2" name="op2" settings="2">
          <c>0</c>
          <c>1</c>
        </box>
        <box hibit="3" width="4" name="Rm" usename="1">
          <c colspan="4"></c>
        </box>
      </regdiagram>
      <encoding name="MLS_T1" oneofinclass="1" oneof="2" label="T1">
        <docvars>
          <docvar key="armarmheading" value="T1" />
          <docvar key="instr-class" value="general" />
          <docvar key="isa" value="T32" />
          <docvar key="mnemonic" value="MLS" />
        </docvars>
        <asmtemplate><text>MLS</text><text>{</text><a link="sa_c" hover="See {xref{ARMARM_Babbefhf}{Standard assembler syntax fields}}">&lt;c&gt;</a><text>}</text><text>{</text><a link="sa_q" hover="See {xref{ARMARM_Babbefhf}{Standard assembler syntax fields}}">&lt;q&gt;</a><text>}</text><text> </text><a link="sa_rd" hover="General-purpose destination register (field &quot;Rd&quot;)">&lt;Rd&gt;</a><text>, </text><a link="sa_rn" hover="First general-purpose source register holding multiplicand (field &quot;Rn&quot;)">&lt;Rn&gt;</a><text>, </text><a link="sa_rm" hover="Second general-purpose source register holding multiplier (field &quot;Rm&quot;)">&lt;Rm&gt;</a><text>, </text><a link="sa_ra" hover="Third general-purpose source register holding minuend (field &quot;Ra&quot;)">&lt;Ra&gt;</a></asmtemplate>
      </encoding>
      <ps_section howmany="1">
        <ps name="aarch32/instrs/MLS/T1_A.txt" mylink="aarch32.instrs.MLS.T1_A.txt" enclabels="" sections="1" secttype="noheading">
          <pstext mayhavelinks="1" section="Decode" rep_section="decode">d = <a link="impl-shared.UInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer UInt(bits(N) x)">UInt</a>(Rd);  n = <a link="impl-shared.UInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer UInt(bits(N) x)">UInt</a>(Rn);  m = <a link="impl-shared.UInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer UInt(bits(N) x)">UInt</a>(Rm);  a = <a link="impl-shared.UInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer UInt(bits(N) x)">UInt</a>(Ra);
if d == 15 || n == 15 || m == 15 || a == 15 then UNPREDICTABLE;
// Armv8-A removes UNPREDICTABLE for R13</pstext>
        </ps>
      </ps_section>
    </iclass>
  </classes>
  <explanations scope="all">
    <explanation enclist="MLS_A1, MLS_T1" symboldefcount="1">
      <symbol link="sa_c">&lt;c&gt;</symbol>
      <account encodedin="">
        <intro>
          <para>See <xref linkend="Babbefhf">Standard assembler syntax fields</xref>.</para>
        </intro>
      </account>
    </explanation>
    <explanation enclist="MLS_A1, MLS_T1" symboldefcount="1">
      <symbol link="sa_q">&lt;q&gt;</symbol>
      <account encodedin="">
        <intro>
          <para>See <xref linkend="Babbefhf">Standard assembler syntax fields</xref>.</para>
        </intro>
      </account>
    </explanation>
    <explanation enclist="MLS_A1, MLS_T1" symboldefcount="1">
      <symbol link="sa_rd">&lt;Rd&gt;</symbol>
      <account encodedin="Rd">
        <intro>
          <para>Is the general-purpose destination register, encoded in the "Rd" field.</para>
        </intro>
      </account>
    </explanation>
    <explanation enclist="MLS_A1, MLS_T1" symboldefcount="1">
      <symbol link="sa_rn">&lt;Rn&gt;</symbol>
      <account encodedin="Rn">
        <intro>
          <para>Is the first general-purpose source register holding the multiplicand, encoded in the "Rn" field.</para>
        </intro>
      </account>
    </explanation>
    <explanation enclist="MLS_A1, MLS_T1" symboldefcount="1">
      <symbol link="sa_rm">&lt;Rm&gt;</symbol>
      <account encodedin="Rm">
        <intro>
          <para>Is the second general-purpose source register holding the multiplier, encoded in the "Rm" field.</para>
        </intro>
      </account>
    </explanation>
    <explanation enclist="MLS_A1, MLS_T1" symboldefcount="1">
      <symbol link="sa_ra">&lt;Ra&gt;</symbol>
      <account encodedin="Ra">
        <intro>
          <para>Is the third general-purpose source register holding the minuend, encoded in the "Ra" field.</para>
        </intro>
      </account>
    </explanation>
  </explanations>
  <ps_section howmany="1">
    <ps name="aarch32/instrs/MLS/Op_A.txt" mylink="execute" enclabels="" sections="1" secttype="Operation">
      <pstext mayhavelinks="1" section="Execute" rep_section="execute">if <a link="impl-aarch32.ConditionPassed.0" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: boolean ConditionPassed()">ConditionPassed</a>() then
    EncodingSpecificOperations();
    operand1 = <a link="impl-shared.SInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer SInt(bits(N) x)">SInt</a>(<a link="impl-aarch32.R.read.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="accessor: bits(32) R[integer n]">R</a>[n]);  // operand1 = UInt(R[n]) produces the same final results
    operand2 = <a link="impl-shared.SInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer SInt(bits(N) x)">SInt</a>(<a link="impl-aarch32.R.read.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="accessor: bits(32) R[integer n]">R</a>[m]);  // operand2 = UInt(R[m]) produces the same final results
    addend   = <a link="impl-shared.SInt.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="function: integer SInt(bits(N) x)">SInt</a>(<a link="impl-aarch32.R.read.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="accessor: bits(32) R[integer n]">R</a>[a]);  // addend   = UInt(R[a]) produces the same final results
    result = addend - operand1 * operand2;
    <a link="impl-aarch32.R.write.1" file="shared_pseudocode.xml" hover="accessor: R[integer n] = bits(32) value">R</a>[d] = result&lt;31:0&gt;;</pstext>
    </ps>
  </ps_section>
</instructionsection>
